Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Response and Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Response and Analysis - Essay Example As a result, of intimidation, women suffer in silences. Therefore, it is prudent for Jane to roll up an activism campaign against gender discrimination. Consequently, she will free suffering women from the hand of discriminative husbands. If she pursues the course of activism, men will not impose laws that make it mandatory for women to put on veils. Mary Jane’s father is a significant character in the novel. As witnessed from the story, the father played an important role in informing her about Iranian history. From the father’s narration, Mary Jane understands the extent to which the Muslim laws are misused. On the other hand, the role played by her mother is equally significant. The fathers’ information highlights that not all men support unfair laws. Equally important to mention, the farther inspires Mary Jane to strive for an equitable society. This courage is evident in Mary Jane’s habit of slapping disrespect men. The father’s refusal to leave Iran confirms his desire to ensure that all individuals enjoy equal treatment. This brave act is a show of patriotism and his commitment towards accomplishing change in a fundamentalist religious

Monday, October 28, 2019

War Photographer and Stealingby Carol Anne Duffy Essay Example for Free

War Photographer and Stealingby Carol Anne Duffy Essay In Both the War Photographer and Stealing By Carol Anne Duffy the occupations of the narrator play a leading role even the titles are names of the occupations they both partake in. This is interesting because it seems that their jobs are their life and feeling even so they both share an extent of guiltiness related to their occupations, In War photographer he is guilty that he is at home in comfortable quiet rural England and all the people he photographs are still suffering. But in Stealing the guilt is underlying, less obvious and more of a guilt to himself like he owes himself a life without stealing or boredom. This shows a degree of selfishness which is evident when he takes pleasure in knowing the the children will cry in the morning he then goes on to say lifes tough like he had to harden to the world at a young age and so should they, he shows a bitterness towards the children as they have a childhood and he didnt and this bitterness seems to be aimed at all outsiders in both the poems . The Thief and the writer are issolated form society and therefore resent society as they see it and most of the suffering in the poems is blamed on the people The readers eyeballs prick with tears between the bath and pre lunch beers. Because the people see the suffering and carry on with their on lives the narrator thinks the readers dont care so their portrayed as heartless and cold. Carol Anne Duffy seems to have a flair for writing poems from other peoples point of view this is most evident in Stealing were she tries to understand the narrators motive and attempts to make the reader sympathise and justify what he does when normally he would be portrayed as the bad guy . The thief wallows in self pity throughout and even says he is better of dead and is so lonely even a snowman is good enough to be his friend I wanted him, a mate The snowman is a metaphor for what he has had in his life he steals it then dustructs it like he is destructing himself. The stealing is a ploy for attention he wants to be caught or noticed as he would have a reason to have contact with people eventhough he insults the people or outsiders in the poem sometimes I steal things,I dont need. I joy ride cars to nowhere, break into houses just to have a look. It is hard to establish what the message is in the war photographer at times he is praising the war photographers job And condeming the people he works for at other time he shows compassion to the victims he encounters but in the last line The narrator seems numb to what he witnesses as he works From the aeroplane he stares impassively at where he earns his living and they do not care This line defeats what he has said before when he developed the films the feelings the images conjured up made him remember the suffering he encountered but that was soon forgotten on the way to his next job he is turning in to what he condemns. The use of the word they signifies his view of society, the people that read newspapers he puts them all in the same cattergory and labels them accordingly. The war photographer is set in four regular stanzas which emphasises the pattern of the war photographers day. The poem opens with the Photographer coming home from his job and ends with him flying out to another job this implies his life runs in a cycle. It is also written in present tense which make the events more realistic and shocking to the reader. Stealing is also in equal stanzas this time five . And ocaisionly the end of one line falls into another (enjambment) which help the reader to enact the incidents which occur. A sense of mystery surrounds the narrator in stealing you dont know if he is male or female or his age and background although many assume the narrator is a man due to stereotypical criminal gender.In War Photographer we are told the narrator is male this is the only information surrounding the narrator intrestingly there is no desriptions of the physical attributes of the narrators or outsiders which poems usually include to help the reader relate to the charactors within the poems. In the War photographer photographical launguage is used as metaphors to shocking images the war photographer encountered ; spools of suffering set out in ordered rows conjures images of body bags holding victims of war laying side by side. The only light is red the colour red is used to remind the reader of the blood shed during war. These metophores seem to be effective by shocking the reader I think Carol Anne Duffy has intended the reader to start to think of the effects of the war not only on the victims but on the people who work their such as the War photographer, newsreaders or charity workers who arent necessarilly thought of being affected by war. In stealing the thiefs motive seems to be lonliness and this is explored subtbly but although theres only traces of lonliness it seems to be the main theme in both the poems. Although they resent outsiders it is only because they wish they could be like the outsiders as their not doing a job which issolates them from society this jelousy also seems to be one of the themes which explain how and why the outsiders are portrayed. I cant decide if I like these poems or not I dont really feel anything for the characters Carol Anne Duffy hasnt made them likeable by not describing them and showing the bad traits of their personality which makes the poems seem gritty. There is many hidden messages which seem obvious but effective but the fact that I had to read them both five times before they made sense put me off right away.But maybe thats because im The cat in the hat rhyming poem kind of a girl !

Saturday, October 26, 2019

Engaging Modernity 101 :: Essays Papers

Engaging Modernity 101 Let’s start at the very beginning, which is a very good place to start, which for Eliot is his end and for Ashbery is his fading, for Jameson the end began when he wouldn’t stop pontificating on being, for Harvey the beginning and the end circulate around his architectural trends and socio-economic theories that keep him grounded but far from living. Joke—Three men (yes, no women) walk into a bar. The first man calls himself DJ T.S.; he spins at local, Wednesday night religious gatherings. You might know some of his rhythmic trance beats, one’s called â€Å"The Four Qs,† real modern, yah know? He gets real philosophical, â€Å"If all time is eternally present, yo! All time is unredeemable, yo! yo! daddy!† or how about the line, â€Å"human kind Cannot bear very much reality, so let’s MOVE IT ON!† He’s really known for that last one. DJ T.S. sits at the counter, checking out the lÄ dies, asks for a whiskey. A second man walks into the bar, named Singular J. He wears all black, and his t-shirt reads, â€Å"Ontologize This!† Nobody knows who he is; he just sits by himself for a while, writes in a little journal, and orders a â€Å"highly commercialized and overpriced† Guinness. The bartender, named Benjamin, says that Singular J. has an aura about him that seems contrived. The inevitable third man gallivants into the bar, orders a Cosmopolitan, doesn’t give his name, says he’s a doctor who tries to cure that pestering Condition of Postmodernity. After a few Cosmos, this doctor pulls out his Power Point presentation and tries to illustrate the modern and the postmodern with graphs and charts. DJ T.S. is thoroughly bored and wants to groove on some of his own brilliant tunes. He begins to rap over the doctor’s clinical jargon, â€Å"WhÄ ­sper of runňing streams, and winter light-ning. The wild thyme ta-time unseen and the wild straw-ber-ry, The laughter in the garden, echohohoed ecstasy Not lost, but Requiring, poinTing to the Agony of death and birth.† The ladies swoon; he pirouettes out the door. Now, Singular J. is left with the doc. Since the DJ is gone, they can really get down to business. Time is money. Let’s talk fast, the publishers are waiting. Singular J. complains about the doc’s Power Point. He unplugs the computer and tells him that â€Å"we very much [need] to continue the project of an ontology of the present, while abandoning the sterile attempts to reinvent a discourse of modernity.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

All Quiet on the Western Front :: essays papers

All Quiet on the Western Front Mental abuse is sometimes overlooked, because of the rough physical abuse, but soldiers see a good side of both during wars. Maria Remarque shows the mental part of abuse on the book All Quiet on the Western Front. The narrator discusses all the hard times that went on during World War I, all through the book. Paul Baumer, the narrator, explains it when he and his friends enter the German army, very deeply although he is only eighteen. Baumer tells a story about fighting for their own sanity as well as their country. As the war begun, he and his friends got an real look at what the war was truly about. This book shows the conflict coming during the actual war, the boys use their spirits to try to overcome it. But the mind against reality that is described in the books, gives them a reality check on how life really is. During the beginning of the book, Remarque explains the boy's job, relating it to how hard it is to be in the war. Their was always something, not getting much sle ep, relieving the front line, and they also didn't have much to eat. What was going to happen, is described good by the way that the author talked about the life of the soldiers, but the boys failed to realize reality. Thinking that the war was just an ideal character. Convincing the reader to believe the boys didn't know the risk they were taking by being in this war. They way the boys viewed it, shows that, true their are some hard times in wars, but their minds are young and they thought it was just another thing to talk about. When they should have been taking things more serious, but thinking about the good parts helped them to keep a hold on their sanity. "They ought to have been mediators and guides to the world of maturity, the world of work, of duty, of culture, of progress to the future", was the beliefs of the boys after their friend Behn dies. Their generation thought that the authorities were going to look after, and take care of them, the authorities were thought of real highly by them. Until their friend passed away, then everything changed. "We had to realize that our generation was more to be trusted than theirs", this is where they came to reality that, everybody was taking c are of their selves, and didn't want anything to do with other peoples problems.

Wednesday, October 23, 2019

How America’s Foreign Policy Shaped Essay

Foreign policy determines how America conducts relations with other countries. It is designed to further certain goals, and to ensure America’s security and defense. Originally American foreign policy was based isolationism; however, as the United States began to become more powerful, its foreign policy evolved. Through the 19th century, America concentrated on creating a nation that spanned the continent, and it avoided foreign entanglements. Once industrialized and more prosperous, it began looking for foreign markets and colonies. Dollar diplomacy was one strategy used to increase American Influence abroad. In addition to the need to exert more influence in foreign affairs for political reasons, Americans had a belief that their own cultural, moral, and racial superiority justified an increased global involvement. This can also be referred to as the Whiteman’s burden. The late nineteenth century to the 1920s can generally be described as a change of the United States from a very regional power, to a dominant world power. This shift began with the Spanish-American war. This war gave the United States, for the first time, an overseas empire. This war was also a fulfillment of the U.S aim of the Monroe Doctrine, which was that the U.S should secure the western hemisphere of colonial European rivalry which could infringe on U.S economic and political interests. This is one of the reasons why the U.S went to war against Spain, to kick the Spanish out of nearby Cuba. Along with the threats to America from Central America, and Cuba, trouble was brewing over seas in Europe during the early 20th century. When WWI began, the U.S proclaimed a policy of strict neutrality. However, due to unrestricted submarine warfare and the Zimmermann Note, Wilson went to congress calling for a declaration of war on Germany. After being victorious in war, Wilson hoped to revolutionize the conduct of international affairs. He came up with the Fourteen Points, which attempted to restore territories occupied during car, eliminate imperialism, trade restrictions, secret treaties, and to set up global organization to prevent future wars. In addition to the Fourteen Points, the Dawes Plan was also enacted. This plan made the U.S banks lend money to Germany so that Germany could meet its reparation payments to countries such as France and United Kingdom. These countries in return, used these payments to service their war debts to the United States. I believe the most significant foreign policy development, is the transition from isolationist nation to an imperial power, as well as the rapid change from a conservative to progressive government, helped to shape America to be what it is today. At the dawn of the 20th century, the United States was in the midst of industrialization. But because the U.S was a different continent from Europe, it desired not to get involved in any of the entanglements of the European nations. However, due to the need for foreign markets to feed the industrial growth, foreign outreach was becoming a necessary evil, and the U.S needed to develop a less isolationist foreign policy.

Tuesday, October 22, 2019

Essay Sample on Solar Power Research Based on the Experiment

Essay Sample on Solar Power Research Based on the Experiment Introduction Sun The heat of the sun is about equivalent to burning a billion trillion tons of coal an hour. Even though only a small fraction of that heat ever reaches the earth it is still more then enough to power the whole world. People seemed to realize the importance of the sun around 30,000 BC. This was when people first started planting crops of wheat. They realized plants did better when planted in the sun over the shade. This caused them to worship the sun as a God. Many cultures built large and extravagant temples to worship the sun in. Other cultures built places to observe the sun in, such as Stonehenge in England. Different Types of Solar Panels There are three main types of solar panels. They are flat plate collectors, focusing collectors, and solar cells. The first kind is a flat plate collector. Flat plate collectors are fastened on the top of the roof of a house. They usually either heat the house or its water. A flat plate collector consists of a black rectangular frame, two or three sheets of glass, and copper plumbing. A flat plat collector uses the greenhouse affect. The sunrays go through the glass but can’t get out through the glass. The sunrays heat the water-filled copper tubes. Then the water is used to heat the home or water. Another type of a solar panel is a focusing collector. They consist of a mirror or mirrors which are focused in one spot. Some focusing collectors are solar furnaces, parabolic dishes and troughs and power towers. The first type is a solar furnace. A solar furnace consists of many mirrors that are aimed at a large curved mirror that is aimed at a large steel building. This building can get as hot as 5,790 F. Scientists use solar furnaces to run experiments to see how certain materials react to extreme heats. They are also used industrially to melt metals. The next kind of focusing collector is a parabolic trough and dish. A parabolic dish looks just like a satellite dish except the dish part is to reflect the sunrays onto the vocal point which is filled with oil. The heated oil is used to produce steam to turn a turbine. A parabolic trough uses the same principles as a parabolic dish. The only differences are how they look, the mirror is shaped like a large feeding trough and the vocal point is an oil filled tube. These are used for either commercial such as in a power plant. The last focusing collector is a power tower. A power tower has many mirrors all focused on a large tower. This tower gets extremely hot. The tower is filled with oil. When the oil is heated it is piped to a power plant where it is used to produce steam that turns a turbine. These are used for power plants. The final type of solar panel is a solar cell. A solar cell usually consists of two layers of silicon that produce an electric charge which is picked up by wires that are laid across the silicon. Solar cells can be used for anything from powering an isolated phone booth to a whole city or even an airplane. History Solar Energy started around 30,000 BC when people first desalinized water, or took the salt out of salt water. In 1,000 BC a king had the water in his castle heated by the sun. Romans passively heated their homes in about 100 AD. In a passive solar home there is no machinery, but there are windows and the floors and windows are made of materials that absorbs heat, like adobe. Solar heating was not used until the late sixteenth century when European scientists started experimenting with the power of the sun. In 1714 many people worked together to create the world’s first solar furnace. In 1720 a Swiss scientist, Horace Benedict de Sasure, built the first modern solar water heater. In 1774 Antoine Lavoiser made a printing press powered by the sun. Later in 1880 in Chile a solar desalinization system was made. Also in 1880 the first solar cells were made. Solar cells when originally made they were very expensive and were not available on the market. Now you can buy solar cells cheaply. Current Applications Today we use solar power to do many things. We use solar power for everything from calculators to large power plants that can power large cities. Most common solar power is used for small things. Many calculators are run by solar cells so they will never run out of batteries. Some watches run on solar cells, too. Also you can buy radios that run on solar cells. There are also many big things that run on solar power. Almost all satellites run on solar power, because otherwise they would run out of power. There are also large desalinization plants that use solar power in places where there is little or no fresh water. There are solar furnaces in many countries. Solar power is also used commercially and residentially. It is also used for many forms of transportation, but these are all in the experimental stage now. Solar powered cars may soon come out. Indirect Solar Power There are three forms of indirect solar power. They are wind power, waterpower, and ocean thermal energy. You might think these have nothing to do with each other or solar power but they do, in some way they each use the sun. The first type is wind power. The reason this is a form of solar energy is because the sun heats the air that creates air currents, or wind. The wind turns propellers that turn turbines which creates electricity. Wind power has been used for a very long time. Places in Europe like the Netherlands have had windmills since the Middle Ages. Though these windmills were used to pump water or to grind grain. The next form is waterpower. This is considered solar power because of the hydrologic cycle. The hydrologic cycle is water evaporating from bodies of water then coming back to earth in different places. This allows them to go back through dams to produce electricity. The water turns turbines, which then create electricity. Waterpower is also an old process it used to be used at sawmills and to grind down grain. The last kind of indirect solar power is ocean thermal energy. Ocean thermal energy is a power plant that uses the difference between the surface temperature and the temperature of the bottom of the ocean to produce electricity. When the cool water meets the hot water it produces steam that turns a turbine to produce electricity. The electricity is then sent to land through wires. This is solar power because the sun heats it. The Solar Future Today the use of solar power is very limited. Today we use very little active solar heating. Though in the future many more homes will be solar heated. More homes will have passive solar heating. Scientists want to make a satellite that will orbit over one place. This satellite would have giant wings made of solar power, this satellite would beam electricity down to earth. This would allow the solar cells not to be obstructed by clouds or buildings. Also ground solar power plants are predicted to be used more frequently. Another thing predicted to be popular is solar powered cars. The drawback of these cars is the fact that you can only travel at high speeds for a short time and they don’t work on cloudy days. Solar powered cars are only used for racing and experiments now. I think if there is another oil crisis there will be much more use of solar power. Solar power will be given more federal funding which will increase studies. The increased studies will make solar power cheaper and more efficient. This will make solar power more available on the market. CONCLUSION I think that solar power is a good alternative energy source. It has many advantages over fossil fuels. One is that the sun is free and does not have to be bought like other fuels. It also doesn’t hurt the environment and it is a renewable energy source. There are a few drawbacks to solar power. One is that it can be expensive to make and can be hard to use on cloudy days. Solar power is also difficult and expensive to store. Another bad thing is that silicon the material that solar cells are made of can be hard to find. If there is another energy crisis like the United States experienced in the 1970’s, solar power will be greatly increased. Federal funding will be increased to promote the studies of solar power. This will make solar power more efficient which will cause it to become cheaper. After the last energy crisis, most federal funding was decreased or stopped. This is very unfortunate because solar power would be far more advanced with more funding. EXPERIMENT Hypothesis: I think that some of the water will get into the inner bowl, this water will be fresh and the salt will still be in the outer bowl. I think that it will work better on sunny days than on cloudy days. Procedure: First I mixed two cups of water with two tablespoons of salt. I put the salt water into a large aluminum bowl. Then I put a small cereal bowl into the large bowl. I covered the large bowl with plastic wrap to keep the water from evaporating out of the bowl. After the bowl was covered I put a weight on the plastic wrap so the water would drip into the cereal bowl after it evaporated. I started this experiment at seven o’clock and then took observations at three and eight; I took all three observations for five days. Observations: On the first day at three there was some water on the plastic wrap after it had evaporated. At eight most of the water on the plastic wrap had dripped into the inner bowl. That day it was sunny. At seven the next there was a little more water in the small bowl. At three that day there was a little on the plastic wrap. At eight the little water on the plastic water had gone into the cereal bowl. It was cloudy that day. In the morning at seven there was no change from the night. At three that day there was a little water on the plastic wrap. At eight most of the water on the plastic wrap was in the cereal bowl. On the fourth day at seven the rest of the water was in the cereal bowl. At three the rest of there was a little on the plastic wrap. That night at eight the rest of the water on the plastic wrap was in the cereal bowl. It was partly cloudy that day. On the last day in the morning there was no change from the night before. At three there was a little more water on the plastic wrap. The water on the plastic wrap was in the small bowl. It was partly cloudy that day. Conclusion: My hypothesis was correct, but I thought more water would be purified then actual did get purified. The water in the cereal bowl had no salt in it. This experiment proves that solar power works and that it works better with no clouds than with clouds.

Monday, October 21, 2019

Free Essays on Into The Wild

Relevancy of Life and Death At the beginning of reading â€Å"Into the Wild†, the more I read the more I started to question whether Chris McCandless was wrong for doing what he did. Primarily the issue at hand to me with this entire story is whether Chris McCandless’s actions are relative or not? Ultimately Chris was a product of the stereotypical life many teenagers live today. McCandless grew up with good parents that cared for him and his future. Chris also had a younger sister to which he was close to. As they grew up, it was noticeable that Chris was academically sound. He goes through everything that is common today in society: the public school system and not to mention college only to portray an unfortunate early death. Further into the book, the first thing I asked myself was, â€Å"How could this kid have gone through all the crap that is supposed to somehow secure a prosperous future, and then in the end, wind up dead from starvation?† At the time I felt his death was self educed. I mean surely it is reasonable to believe that if someone has the intelligence to go through all the prescribed nonsense in society and come out with a GPA of 3.73, that this individual will somehow achieve some form of success in their life. Chris McCandless got through everything and basically tossed it out the window because he had realized that it wasn’t for him. He was a product of the system Chris, in the end, rejected. First off, I did not really believe McCandless’s actions were relevant, merely because I was not fully aware of his purpose. The reason I was not sure is because all I knew at first was that his journey is what killed him. So in the beginning, I definitely assumed that n o matter what I was going to read, in the end, I still would believe his journey wasn’t worth it. The reason I say this, is merely because you can’t deny the fact that if he wouldn’t have gone on this extremely ill prepared journey... Free Essays on Into The Wild Free Essays on Into The Wild Relevancy of Life and Death At the beginning of reading â€Å"Into the Wild†, the more I read the more I started to question whether Chris McCandless was wrong for doing what he did. Primarily the issue at hand to me with this entire story is whether Chris McCandless’s actions are relative or not? Ultimately Chris was a product of the stereotypical life many teenagers live today. McCandless grew up with good parents that cared for him and his future. Chris also had a younger sister to which he was close to. As they grew up, it was noticeable that Chris was academically sound. He goes through everything that is common today in society: the public school system and not to mention college only to portray an unfortunate early death. Further into the book, the first thing I asked myself was, â€Å"How could this kid have gone through all the crap that is supposed to somehow secure a prosperous future, and then in the end, wind up dead from starvation?† At the time I felt his death was self educed. I mean surely it is reasonable to believe that if someone has the intelligence to go through all the prescribed nonsense in society and come out with a GPA of 3.73, that this individual will somehow achieve some form of success in their life. Chris McCandless got through everything and basically tossed it out the window because he had realized that it wasn’t for him. He was a product of the system Chris, in the end, rejected. First off, I did not really believe McCandless’s actions were relevant, merely because I was not fully aware of his purpose. The reason I was not sure is because all I knew at first was that his journey is what killed him. So in the beginning, I definitely assumed that n o matter what I was going to read, in the end, I still would believe his journey wasn’t worth it. The reason I say this, is merely because you can’t deny the fact that if he wouldn’t have gone on this extremely ill prepared journey... Free Essays on Into The Wild Chris McCandless was a passionate youth searching for something. His humdrum existence, Krakauer suggests, encouraged McCandless’s entry into the wild- not just to escape from civilization but to discover himself. Of his readings, McCandless enjoyed Tolstoy, London, and Thoreau so much that he highlighted many of their passages in his books. They were calling him. The comforts of every day life were not satisfying his need for adventure and enlightenment. McCandless felt concern and displacement with the disposition of our world and wanted to rid himself of it for a while. Maybe his step into the wilderness was an attempted mission to improve civilization- â€Å"his need for a purpose.† Civilization did not have a place for him- surely the arms of nature would greet him with enthusiasm. McCandless entered the extreme Alaskan trail, crowning Jack London as king. His arrival and stay was to evoke clarity, without authority and without the advancement of technology. The philosophy McCandless took was that every day should be different, a new adventure. In a letter to Ron Franz, McCandless assures Franz, â€Å"If you want to get more out of life, Ron, you must lose your inclination for monotonous security...The very basic core of man’s living spirit is his passion for adventure. The joy of life comes from our encounters with new experiences...† Not only did McCandless experience new terrain along with its beauty, but he encountered many people. Many lives were altered just crossing the path of McCandless. Krakauer’s life was changed; he felt a connection with McCandless after he reported on the boy’s demise. He identified with McCandless as the two shared an intense odyssey in which their problems didn’t magically disappear but instead they came closer to understanding themselves. Each was uncovering his soul whereas most individuals are happy being ignorant. Instead of risking their securities so... Free Essays on Into The Wild Exploratory Essay By Kristy Gates When I first started reading â€Å"Into the Wild,† I thought to myself, â€Å"Why exactly is this boy leaving everything that he knew and loved to go on this journey?† Put himself in complete danger by hitchhiking his way ALONE to Alaska. He gave up all of his possessions and the $25,000 that he had saved up to charity. What was the point? In the end, it shows that the only way that this story could’ve turned out, was him lying dead and decomposing and found by a moose hunter. How else could the story have turned out besides that way? McCandless had nothing. Nothing at all, nothing to support himself in any way whatsoever. In the beginning of this book, there is an author’s note, basically telling everyone the story plot and what will, in the end, happen to this young man on his way to â€Å"living off the wild.† It tells his real name, Christopher Johnson McCandless, also, it tells that he had given $25,000 in saving to charity, abandoned his car and most of his possessions, burned all the cash in his wallet, and invented a new life for himself. Chris McCandless came from what most people would like to call a â€Å"well-to-do† family on the East Coast. The boy was probably no more than 19 years old, but was on his way to a life of his own by hitchhiking to Alaska into the wilderness. He graduated from Emory University in the summer of 1990, but shortly afterwards; McCandless was not seen for quite some time by his family and peers. He had invented a new life for himself by now wandering across North America in search of himself. His family had no idea where he was or even where to start looking. McCandless was a stubborn young man and did not mesh well with what was considered modern society. He was captivated by the writings of Leo Tolstoy. He admired how the great novelist had a life of wealth and privilege. Chris McCandless was out in the wilderness for sixteen weeks. In the end, ...

Sunday, October 20, 2019

Gustave Caillebotte essays

Gustave Caillebotte essays Though mostly known for his patronage of well-respected figures like Renoir and Monet, and his generous contribution of his Impressionist collection to the French government, Gustave Caillebotte was also a very sensitive and intense artist. Influenced by the structural and emotional changes of the Industrial Revolution, he observed and communicated; perceived and created. Gustave Caillebotte was born to a respected and wealthy bourgeoisie family in 1848. To fulfill his fathers expectations, he was trained to become and engineer, but his passion for art made him leave that profession and study in the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris. That is where he met the artists Renoir and Monet, and became very involved in the Impressionist movement. Caillebotte became the chief organizer, promoter, and financial supporter of the Impressionist exhibitions for the next six years, and he used his wealth to purchase works by Monet, Renoir, Camille Pissarro, Paul Czanne, Edgar Degas, Alfred Sisley, and Berthe Morisot. When he died, he contributed his collection to the French government. In the midsts of the Industrial Revolution, between 1789 and 1852, European cities were becoming exceedingly crowded with workers who could no longer make a living in rural areas, while business owners were improving their production efficiency to increase their profits. As a result of the sudden increase of population, Baron Georges Haussman changed the structure of the city by destroying old buildings and constructing new buildings, railroads and bridges. The bourgeoisies obsession with lucrative business forced lower-class workers to compete with technology. This state of man versus machine contributed to the increased segregation of society and the further pursuit of social equality through communism. Contemporary events greatly influenced the work of the artists of the time, forcing them to break the order and balanc ...

Saturday, October 19, 2019

Literature Review - Low Self-Control, Gender, and Perscription Essay

Literature Review - Low Self-Control, Gender, and Perscription Painkiller Abuse - Essay Example In many cases other prescription drugs such as psychotropic medications, narcotic analgesics, and even non-narcotic analgesics are also substances of abuse. Wide accessibility of analgesics over the counter and without prescription has led to a situation where these drugs are very commonly abused and often unnoticed, mainly due to cultural attitudinal tolerance. This points to the fact that no matter how great the prevailing degree of cultural attitudinal tolerance for addictive practices is, or how strong individual personality predispositions are, nobody can become addicted to these drugs without access to them. The crucial and determinative predisposing factor, which, therefore, constitutes the most acceptable basis for the nosological categorizing of these analgesic addicts, is the possession of those idiosyncratic or developmental personality traits for which these drugs could have adjustive properties. Chief among these effects is euphoria, which is highly adjustive for inadequ ate personalities, that is, motivationally immature individuals lacking in such criteria of ego maturity as long-range goals, a sense of responsibility, self-reliance and initiative, volitional and executive independence, frustration tolerance, and the ability to defer the gratification of immediate hedonistic needs for the sake of achieving long-term goals. Studies have uncovered in the life histories of such addicts, overpermissive or underdominating, overprotecting, and overdominating parents that tend to foster the development of the inadequate personality syndrome. Psychosocial and psychopharmacological research has pointed to several factors that may predispose to such addictions in suitably vulnerable population, and in this review, several relevant articles will be critically reviewed in order to update knowledge and evidence in this area of study. Recent literature in this area of study has been selected and

Friday, October 18, 2019

Charlemagne's Quest to restore the Roman Empire Essay

Charlemagne's Quest to restore the Roman Empire - Essay Example It is the purpose of this essay to discuss the efforts made by Charlemagne during his reign, to restore the former glory of the Roman Empire. Charlemagne was involved in numerous wars that he started himself, or those started by his late father. It was Charlemagne’s mission to expand the territory of the Franks and gain control over vast territories. Accordingly, Charlemagne was involved in wars with people such as the Danish, Saxons, Spanish, Huns, Slavs, among other tribes2. In all these wars, Charlemagne and his army emerged victorious and forced the other tribes to surrender. These newly acquired territories increased the size of Charlemagne’s empire to almost three times that ruled by his father3. By the end of his rule, Charlemagne had expanded the Frankish Empire to be the largest in Europe, coming second only to the ancient Roman Empire. Charlemagne’s many accomplishments in war won him as much accolades. He became the most revered king in Europe and ever y ruler, ranging from the Greeks to the Persians wanted to befriend him. Friendship with Charlemagne meant being well protected from one’s enemies, in addition to trade benefits. Charlemagne ruled Western Europe from Aachen, the center of his empire. Accordingly, the royal palace was stationed at Aachen. Charlemagne enlisted the services of Christian clerics to work for him at the palace. From Aachen, Charlemagne ruled most of present day Europe including: France, Germany, Switzerland, Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Italy, and Austria4. Aachen was strategically positioned such that Charlemagne was able to govern both the western and eastern sides of the Frankish empire effectively. Charlemagne believed in bringing services closer to people, thus he decentralized the administration of his empire, gave more rights to the subjects and relieved the clergy and nobles of some of their powers. As a religious man and specifically a Christian, Charlemagne was keen to ensure that people had proper places of worship. The â€Å"Holy Mother of God† basilica was built at Aix-la-Chapelle for religious practices5. This basilica was a great work of architecture that symbolized the architectural prowess of the people of Western Europe. The basilica was adorned with gold, silver, brass and marbles. Charlemagne was also very concerned about the appearance of sacred places and would routinely order priests and fathers to repair any damaged edifices. During his reign, Charlemagne insisted on the importance of the parish church by encouraging every village to have a church and a priest. Charlemagne forged a strong friendship with Pope Leo III. This ensured that Charlemagne’s empire had strong connections with Rome, thus the strengthening of the Christian faith. It was this close association with the pope that led to Charlemagne being crowned â€Å"emperor† by the pope. During Charlemagne’s period of influence, trade and commerce flourished due to var ious changes introduced in the monetary system. One of the most important changes that Charlemagne introduced was the use of silver as the medium of exchange in Europe. Prior to this, gold was the only form of currency used to transact business all over Europe. Since silver was more available, business transaction became easier and more people were able to participate in commerce6. In addition to the introduction of silver as

The Movie Entertainment Industry ( Current Issues ) Research Paper

The Movie Entertainment Industry ( Current Issues ) - Research Paper Example The strategy is quite simple: movies became more larger than life, splashier and are made to impress in order to attract the public who have become more sophisticated in their tastes. This has become the blockbuster formula that has worked for major studios. By 2002 the annual ticket sales peaked at $1.6 billion.1 After this period, however, one can no longer say the same. In 2008, the figure dropped to $1.3 billion while the audience registered a constant decline in size across all segments of the movie-going public except teenage boys.2 Hollywood’s formula for blockbuster films - one that has so far succeeded in impressing the audience and keep them coming back - relies much on technology because it is crucial in providing flashier visual effects, which has been proven to appeal to a broader audience. Background According to Vanhala (2011), the average production cost of a movie from a major studio is $55 million with an additional $27 million to advertise and market, a tota l of almost a hundred million per film.3 Big productions that almost often assure box-office success could cost a studio up to 300 million dollars such as with the cases of Spiderman 3 and Pirates of the Caribbean 3. The figures are humungous and one could often hear producers lament about the viability of moviemaking and of the way films lose even with a decent performance at the box office. The complaint is not entirely unfounded. A detailed explanation has been offered by Vanhala as it was suggested that domestic box office, home video, DVD, television and cable revenues often cannot collectively cover the invested money in a film unless it is a major blockbuster.4 Pricewaterhouse-Coopers reported that the major studios’ revenues can be broken down as follows: 1) theatrical box office 24.6 percent; 2) television 28.8 percent; and 3) Home Video 46.6 percent.5 There are those who would argue that other means of revenues could make up for box office losses but this is not alw ays the case. According to the Motion Pictures Association of America â€Å"most films never recoup their initial investment.†6 A case in point is Prince’s (2002) discussion of movie revenue in which he stressed: There is little home video revenue left over to pay back the substantial negative cost still on the books from a theatrical flop. Home video success in such a case is significant for the company’s cash flow and especially for its home video profit center, but profit participants due a percentage on the theatrical flop are unlikely to be close to paydirt.7 It is not surprising, hence, when both academics and economists brand moviemaking in American as a risky affair. The dynamics by which film financing are undertaken with their complex and elaborate risk-sharing schemes underscore this point. Today, films are no longer produced by one studio or entity. Investors are pooled, which include corporate entities and other third-parties such as A-list actors, directors and producers.8 Out of all of the dismal statistics cited, however, it is interesting to note that Hollywood still makes about 400-600 films each year.9 The answer to this puzzle is crucial in identifying the effect of technology in movie-making. Understanding them can help outline the importance of technology in American filmmaking today. There are two identified drivers to the American film industry’s profitability: blockbuster films and the international market. These two areas proved to be not just the

Thursday, October 17, 2019

A trend of festival-style events within hospitality industry Term Paper

A trend of festival-style events within hospitality industry - Term Paper Example Church (2013) states that any people have embraced events refreshing in order to continue appealing to the audience and adapt to the emerging festival-style events. There are four main reasons for this move, firstly, there is a shift of events from infotainment and edutainment to "idea-tainment". Its implication to the event management is overt, there should be a move from boring conference speech to the multiplicity of activities. Moreover, creation of crowd sourced ideas is instrumental in enriching events. Secondly, there is a shift from events monologue to dialogue, meaning the audience involvement is the pillar of successful events. With the need for a dialogue approach to the event succeeds, majority of hospitality-skilled event managers have opted for festival-style events (Drake 2013). Thirdly, there is a growing phenomenon in event designs that encourages the use of user-generated ideas. A new generation of people has digital access to polylogues and, as a result, the new ideas are no longer discussed top-down but rather at horizontal platform (Kim et al,. 2013). With innovative and informed audience, the place of the monologue lecture has no place. Festival-style events allow freestyle sharing of entertainment and important event activities. Lastly, there is a lot of information that can be shared in any event, and the traditional lecture approach would not allow for maximum sharing of information. With festival-style events, it allows small buzz groups that are nested within the event entertainment spree. The opportunity provided by this new strategy allows for maximum interaction during and after event. In addition, it keeps the formal event sandwiched within the long list of agenda thus allowing for change from the formal to a free-style event. Mair & Whitfold (2013) states that event management does not belong to the faint hearted; it requires resilience and

Topic of your choice Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Topic of your choice - Term Paper Example As a means of understanding human resource management to a more effective degree, the following analysis will engage the reader with an understanding of how motivation takes place. Although it is true that employee/stakeholder motivation only represents one aspect of what a human resources department should be performing, it is one of the most essential elements that allows the firm/organization to engage their stakeholders and seek to promote a definitive level of engagement in one particular direction or another. In such a manner, it is the hope of this author that such a level of discussion will be beneficial for the reader to understand the manner through which motivation is utilized within the field of psychology and human resource management. Although Maslow’s hierarchy of needs has oftentimes been considered on a purely personal psychological level, the reality of the situation is that humans are by very nature social beings. By extension, the workplace is necessarily a realm within which individuals need to interact with one another as well as clients as a means of generating profit and income; both for themselves and for the entity in question. In such a way, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs is perfectly suited to defining and describing the means by which a given firm/organization can seek to maximize the overall level of motivation that is exhibited within its employees. Naturally, it may seem at bit absurd for the firm/entity in question to be able to speak to the needs of breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, and excretion. However, the fact of the matter is that it is incumbent upon the employer to ensure a safe working environment exists whereby none of the basic physiological needs of the in dividual are disrupted. Continuing to move up the list, the reader can note that more or less in each and every substrata of the pyramid, the employer can seek to provide for at least some of these needs. Naturally,

Wednesday, October 16, 2019

A trend of festival-style events within hospitality industry Term Paper

A trend of festival-style events within hospitality industry - Term Paper Example Church (2013) states that any people have embraced events refreshing in order to continue appealing to the audience and adapt to the emerging festival-style events. There are four main reasons for this move, firstly, there is a shift of events from infotainment and edutainment to "idea-tainment". Its implication to the event management is overt, there should be a move from boring conference speech to the multiplicity of activities. Moreover, creation of crowd sourced ideas is instrumental in enriching events. Secondly, there is a shift from events monologue to dialogue, meaning the audience involvement is the pillar of successful events. With the need for a dialogue approach to the event succeeds, majority of hospitality-skilled event managers have opted for festival-style events (Drake 2013). Thirdly, there is a growing phenomenon in event designs that encourages the use of user-generated ideas. A new generation of people has digital access to polylogues and, as a result, the new ideas are no longer discussed top-down but rather at horizontal platform (Kim et al,. 2013). With innovative and informed audience, the place of the monologue lecture has no place. Festival-style events allow freestyle sharing of entertainment and important event activities. Lastly, there is a lot of information that can be shared in any event, and the traditional lecture approach would not allow for maximum sharing of information. With festival-style events, it allows small buzz groups that are nested within the event entertainment spree. The opportunity provided by this new strategy allows for maximum interaction during and after event. In addition, it keeps the formal event sandwiched within the long list of agenda thus allowing for change from the formal to a free-style event. Mair & Whitfold (2013) states that event management does not belong to the faint hearted; it requires resilience and

Tuesday, October 15, 2019

Critically evaluate the extent to which intangible resources can be Essay

Critically evaluate the extent to which intangible resources can be used to legitimise management authority in organisations - Essay Example Thus, they are the assets, which the company must recognize as its significant components, which are rather better determinants of the company’s performance than the actual money it generates (Cameron, pp. 88-92, 2004). Most authors and intellectuals, today, focus on the need of knowledge workers in the modern industry to keep the ship sailing. They are of the opinion than in this uncertain world, where downsizing and losses in one company, may also affect the situation in another company, located way far from the host (TSG, p.1, 2009). On the other hand, increase in demand of a product or a service in one country, may also lead to increase in demand of the same product in some other culturally distinct country. Economic insecurity may often liquidate tangible resources with no prior notice and the global dilemma of interrelated companies, put greater expectations on the managers to control and organize the information from around the world on their fingertips. In these difficult times, human resource, as the intangible resource of the company, is the most effective tool to cope up with changing situations (Andriessen, p.1 2004). Today’s era is information era and all the stake of the companies requires handling and managing information critically. This information may include knowledge about the product or service cost, employees’ needs and concerns, competitors in the market, company’s capital at hand etc. Managing company information carefully means that internal members of the organization take good care of the power entrusted upon them and channelized the information attained properly down the hierarchy. According to management research, much of the company’s progress depends on the top managements efforts to align the company’s resources. With regard to intangible resources, strategic competitiveness is much dependent on the way lower staff, age, workload, education standard, job performance, and empowerment

Form and Structure for The Mikado Essay Example for Free

Form and Structure for The Mikado Essay Gilbert and Sullivans The Mikado is an operetta and it is played sometimes melodramatically, sometimes realistically. The main theme of The Mikado is love. Its main content is a parody of general love stories that start and end happily ever after. This makes it humorous. It is also a satire of the British Empress of India, Queen Victoria. * Although it is an operetta, the Mikado is a well-made play; it has a beginning, middle and end. * Yum-Yum is in love with herself; this is shown at the preparation of her marriage. Nanki-Poo does love Yum-Yum but he is only looking for an escape from Katisha, and Ko-Kos love for Katisha is purely to save him from death. A lot of the story is based around execution because Ko-Kos job is Lord High Executioner. Nanki-Poo wants to be executed at one point because he thinks that he can never get Yum-Yum. This keeps the audience interested because they would want to see how an execution would be staged as such staging rarely happens. This is a plot device to complicate the narrative so that the story becomes ever more farcical. For example Ko-Ko receives a message from the Mikado stating there has been a lack of executions so Ko-Ko must execute someone within a month. This makes things more difficult because Ko-Ko must kill himself before he executes anyone else. Structure The Mikado conforms to a structure typical of many of the Gilbert and Sullivan operettas. This structure represents a triangle: First it includes an aural factor of lush, enjoyable music, which get the audiences feat tapping in the theatre. Second, it includes a visual factor of a colourful, striking setting which make the audience amazed by the set. Third, it includes an intellectual factor of a ridiculous, amusing, topically satiric story, which adds comedy, and the audience laugh. The play starts with the introduction to all the characters, making it easy for the audience to understand the characters better. The situation is set and the story is structured, the conflict begins and the action gets underway. The middle lets the story flow smoothly, more comical happenings such as when Katisha wants to give away Nanki Poos true identity. The ending is conventionally and traditionally happy with everyone gleeful. But, ironically, there are no elements of true love in the plot. Gilbert and Sullivan vary the type of songs to keep the audience entertained. There are solos, duets, trios, madrigals and full cast ensembles. Solos are used to focus the scene on only one character and how they feel. E. g. Nanki-Poo. Duets are usually used when two people are in love or if two people have a problem, e. g. Yum-Yum and Nanki-Poo. Trios are used when a lot of information is given out for the audience to take in, e. g. Yum-Yum, Peep-Bo and Pitti-Sing. Three little maids from school are we. The madrigal is sung before the wedding. This song is so that the characters can thoroughly enjoy themselves and it livens up the moment by four people singing the same thing. Probably singing in harmonious unison. The full cast ensembles are there to introduce the large characters e. g. the Mikado; these songs are lively and let the audience imagine what is about to come, Miya Sama Miya Sama.

Monday, October 14, 2019

Leadership in the Process of Collaboration

Leadership in the Process of Collaboration Leadership is a relationship between those who aspire to lead and those who choose to follow (Kouzes et al., 2007). Leaders must master the dynamics of this relationship. They must learn how to mobilize others to want to struggle for shared aspirations. This means that leaders need to acquire the understanding, skills, and experience to collaborate successfully. Within this context, leaders move away from being the sole decision maker to involving others such as staff, and community members in the decision making process. I have looked deeply into the leader-constituent relationship. Through case analyses, books and journal articles, I have discovered that leaders at all levels follow rather similar paths as they guide others along pioneering journeys. By these studies, I was able to identify one of the most important practices common to most leadership achievements that is enabling others to act. This practice has stood the test of time, and it is available to anyone, in any organization or situation, who accepts the leadership challenge. This essay discusses the broader study that focused on collaboration in order to contextualize and highlight the findings related to the affective elements of collaborative leadership. The essay examines how the leader supports collaboration in their organisation to enlist and enable others to act and analyses the emotional competencies involved in. Finally, consideration is given to how leaders might be supported in the development and acquisition of the key skills required for affective leadership in their organisation. This essay also highlights the data related to how the leaders support collaboration. It specifically describes the perceptions that leaders and other stakeholders had regarding the role of the leader in fostering collaboration. The essay includes the description of behaviours exhibited by leaders and perceived by participants in the study as supporting collaboration. The purpose of the essay is to analyse these collaborative behaviours in terms of their emotional component. It is important to note that the goal of this study was not to examine emotional competencies of leadership. Data related to the affective domain of leaders work emerged as significant findings of the research question. Enlist others in a common vision by appealing to shared aspirations Motivation is what drives individuals to work in the way they do to fulfill goals, needs or expectations. These are numerous, varied and changing. (Bush, T. et al, p237) People can imagine an exciting, highly attractive future for their organization. Leaders may be driven by their clear image of possibility and what their organization could become. In this case, leaders passionately believe that they can make a difference. They create the way that no one else has ever produced. They uplift peoples spirits with an ennobling perspective about why they should strive to be better than they are today. This means that to create an organised movement as well as significant change, leaders need to enlist others. They also must appeal a shared aspiration because people will not follow until the vision is accepted as their own. Leaders must speak others language to enlist them in a vision. Leaders not only understand peoples needs but also have their interests at heart when they are to sign up for journeys into the future. Leaders breathe life into visions through vivid language and an effective style. Their own enthusiasm and excitement are contagious and spread from the leader to constituents. Their belief in and enthusiasm for the vision are the sparks that ignite the flame of inspiration. (Kouzes et al. 2007, p. 16-18) Breath life into your vision and align your dream with the peoples dream According to Kouzes et al. (2007) and Hallinger et al. (2002), people desire to do something that can make a profound difference to the future of their families, friends, and communities and their life as well. Therefore, leaders not only show the directions and set the standards but also effectively communicate a vision. Visions are about our strong desire such as ideals, hopes, dreams and aspirations to achieve something great. In communicating shared visions, leaders need to make them meaningful by awakening dreams, breathing life into them, and arousing the belief that they can get extraordinary things done before bringing these visions into the conversation. In order to make their visions become true, leaders need to keep people focused and excited about the meaning and significance of their work. Leaders have to animate the vision and make manifest the purpose so that others can see it, hear it and feel it. It is not leaders dream alone but is the peoples vision. Hall (2002) shows that they need to show how their individual and collective efforts could make a positive difference and make sure that each team member could repeat the vision not just by rote but also from the heart. This would enable them to realize these aspirations and make all people have the power within themselves to accomplish whatever they desire. Expand your communication and expressiveness skills to animate the vision Kouzes et al. (2007), Shriberg et al. (2005), Green (2000) and Ginsberg et al. (2003) show that to enlist others and arouse them to go decisively forward, leaders not only appeal to their ideas, animate the vision and breathe life into it but also help them understand how their own interests and dreams are aligned with the vision. The constituents will become internally motivated to commit their individual energies to its realisation if leaders recognise that their enthusiasm and expressiveness are indispensable factors in their efforts to generate commitment in their constituents. People always desire to work more effectively and find out the fastest way to achieve their common goals but it will be very difficult if the visions are not images in their mind. Therefore, to enlist others and inspire a shared vision, leaders must be able to paint word pictures that best portray the meaning of their vision and that others get a natural mental image of what things will be like in the future. To find the ways of giving expression to their collective hopes for the future, leaders face some challenges. Firstly, extraordinary things are often very difficult to get for leaders and their constituents. They may be dispirited while facing these difficulties. In this situation, leaders must recognise that their constituents look for them to demonstrate an enthusiastic and genuine belief in their capacity and supply the means to achieve and express optimism for the future to remain passionate despite obstacles. These mean that their vital tasks are to foster team spirit, breed optimism, promote resilience as well as renew faith and confidence. Thus, leaders must look the situation at the bright side and keep hope alive. They must strengthen their constituents belief that lifes struggle will produce a more promising future. (Kouzes et al. 2007, p. 147) Secondly, in mobilizing people to struggle for shared aspirations, their intensive enthusiasm is required to generate. Consequently, leaders are responsible for the energy of authentic excitement in their organization. They need to add more emotion by using all means of verbal and nonverbal expression to their words and their behavior to communicate with their constituents because it really makes their messages to be more memorable. In addition, the prerequisite to enlisting others in a shared vision is genuineness. The first place to look before taking to others about the vision of the future is in your heart (Kouzes et al., 2007, p. 151). If the vision is not leaders or they do not believe in what they are saying, it will be very difficult for them to enlist the others. As Staler (2005) point out, people identified specific communicative behaviours that the leader demonstrates which can support collaboration in the organisation. However, they felt that listening and openness are particularly important in providing support. Inherently, such behaviour is emotional work. Openness is related to the honest sharing and disclosure of information, both personal and professional. Similarly, Kouzes and Posner (1999) indicate that in order to become fully trusted, we must be open. Furthermore, when the leader takes the risk of being open, others are more likely to take a similar risk, thereby building interpersonal trust. The ability of the leader to foster such a safe environment, to promote and exemplify such a learning model is, in part, an emotional capacity. Foster collaboration by building trust and facilitating relationships In todays virtual organisations, cooperation can not be restricted to a small group of loyalists. It must include peers, managers, customers and clients, supplies, citizens. All those have a stake in the vision. (Kouzes et al., 2007, p. 20). Leaders have to know that to produce the good results people must feel a sense of personal power and ownership. Instead of the command and the control techniques of traditional management, the new effective way to enable others to act is to make people feel strong, capable, and committed by giving the power away. Show trust to build trust Need for trust working together, as Mayer, R. C. (1995) said, often involves interdependence, and people must therefore depend on others in various ways to accomplish their personal and organisational goals. The development of mutual trust provides one mechanism for enabling employees to work together more effectively. The emergence of self-directed teams and a reliance on empowered workers greatly increase the importance of the concept of trust (Golembiewski McConkie, 1975; Larson LaFasto, 1989). In the use of self-directed teams, trust must take the place of supervision because direct observation of employees becomes impractical. Further, a clear understanding of trust and its causes can facilitate cohesion and collaboration between people by building trust through means other than interpersonal similarity. According to Kouzes et al. (2007) and Grint (2003), trust must be at the heart of collaboration. Leaders have to be trust others if they want others to trust them. They can not lead without trust. Therefore, to create a climate of trust, leaders need to be the first to trust by being the first to open up, to show vulnerability and to let go of control. Self-confident and self-disclosure are also required to build interpersonal trust. Moreover, Dinham (2007) point out that leaders must understand that besides sharing information and resources to foster collaboration they need to care for others needs and interests that play a key ingredient to build the team around common purpose and mutual respect. They understand that mutual respect is what sustains extraordinary efforts. If leadership is built on trust and confidence, people will take risks to make changes and movements alive. Leaders have the most significant impact on their organisation, promote cooperative goals and build trust by engaging in frequent conversation. It is impossible for leaders to take their people or their organisation to the next level without meaningful, frequent, and consistent communication. Huber (2002) reveal that a collaborative environment leads to greater satisfaction of individuals within the organisation, and therefore enhances their performance. Yet a collaborative environment does not just emerge because one declares there will now be collaboration. It takes a great deal of trust and respect for this type of synergy to occur. A leader builds this trust by asking and utilizing others input, considering alternative perspectives, allowing others to make decisions, and communicating, communicating, communicating. When employees feel that they are trusted, they will become trustworthy. On the contrary, when individuals feel that they are not trusted, they will exhibit behaviors creating a toxic environment. In the book the Leadership Challenge, Kouzes and Posner point out that trust is the most significant predictor of individuals satisfaction with their organisation. Highly effective leaders recognise that it is not important for them to be right, but rather to listen, take advice, lose arguments, and in some cases follow. Through these behaviors trust is built and performance is maximized. Get people interacting to facilitate relationship The most genuine way to demonstrate your care and interest in others is to engage them in conversation. Frequent conversations build trust while learning about anothers values, interests, concerns, and desires. People do not perform at their greatest levels when in isolation. Shribersg et al. (2005) argue that it is important that an organization provides opportunities to interact whether it is though social events, common meeting spaces, or regular staff meetings. Some leaders may see frequent social opportunities as wasteful or non-productive; the reality is an organization cannot develop shared priorities or reach common goals if there are not opportunities to interact both personally and professionally. In addition, Kouzes and Posner (2007) and Shriberg et al. (2005) showed that a sense of interdependent community in which everyone coordinate their efforts and need the others to be successful is one of the most crucial components to cooperation and collaboration. To bind others into cooperative efforts, a specific reason for being together must be provided by sharing and developing cooperative goals. It is also necessary for leaders to establish and keep the norms of reciprocity and fairness in their mind to improve relationship and decrease stress while working together. While people keeping the common goal in their mind, leaders need to help them to understand that they can not achieve the group outcomes unless they all play successfully their individual parts. People need to know that the long-term benefits of common group are more significant than the short-term benefits of working alone. There are many things that no one can gain on their own, but they can easily accomplish by working together. Moreover, Kouzes et al. (2007) pointed out that: group goals, reciprocity, and promoting joint efforts are all essential for collaboration to occur, but what is critical is positive face-to-face interaction. Nowadays, with the great help from technology people have many ways to connect with the others such as the emails, instant messages, and video conferences. However, the most effective interaction to build trust and promote teamwork is face-to-face conversation frequently. Durable and regular interactions between people make them always remember about how they have treated and have been treated by others. This helps them to have positive feelings on the rest of their group, which may be a solid foundation for success. Some people claim that face-to-face connection takes considerable amount of time, but despite this disadvantage, leaders need to make it one of their leadership imperatives because of the effectiveness it brings to them. Strengthen others by increasing self-determination and developing competence To allow people to feel more powerful and ultimately be more productive, it is critical to increase their ability to influence. This may be done through increasing their signature authority, reducing unnecessary approval steps, eliminating rules when possible, and assigning non-routine jobs. Unfortunately, in many organizations employees are charged with tremendous amounts of responsibility yet are not able to influence their environment to efficiently and effectively get the job done well. Employees must feel that they have the freedom to move around freely and maneuver resources necessary to accomplish an assigned task. (Jill Tomac) Creating a climate in which people are involved and feel important is at the heart of strengthening others. Leaders must make sure that everyone involve in all the group work. They need to listen to the opinions of others carefully and then help them to build up their capabilities as well as update their own information and perspective. When people are trusted and have more discretion, more authority, and more information, they are much more likely to use their energies to produce extraordinary results. (Kouzes et al., p. 21) Moreover, one key to success is that in order to gain respect leaders must also show respect for others. Jill Tomac shows that leaders are those individuals who are not widely known; they have very little interest in placing themselves in the forefront but are quite happy having their successors in the spotlight. In effect, these leaders create stars all around them, allowing others the glory. As a result, each member of the organization is performing at his/her maximum potential and bringing the organisation to new levels of achievement. Leaders recognise the importance of empowering others, through sharing information and assigning responsibility while enforcing accountability. A leaders ability to understand and appreciate others perspectives can be the critical distinguishing factor between a success and failure. Leaders who prefer to work by themselves and do not engage or believe in those around them have great difficulty achieving their goals. They have a tendency to share power and provide choice; allowing others the latitude to make choices and take responsibility. Of course, i t is valuable to provide the expectations, parameters, direction, and skill building needed to be successful. However, beyond that people must feel that they have the respect and trust of their superiors to get the job done. Effective leaders use their power in service to others through strengthening and supporting them. In effect, leaders turn subordinates into leaders themselves enabling people to consider variables, make choices, and act on their own initiative. As Kouzes and Posner state Leaders strengthen others when they give their power away, when they make it possible for constituents to exercise choice and discretion, when they develop competence to excel, when they assign critical tasks, and when they offer visible support. Increase individual accountability to enhance self-determination To help people increase accountability and then enhance self-determination, leaders need to act by following a scientific process. Firstly, as Riley et al. (2003) said, people can not finish their work as their group desire and can not make a difference if they have no freedom of choice about what they do as well as the way that they think fit. Thus, leaders need to help them to recognise their abilities and assign them to roles that they are comfortable by listening to their ideas and suggestions. By this way, every group member can bring value to the whole team and be responsible for their work Secondly, leaders must design work proactively to allow others discretion and choice. It means that people must have the latitude in decisions what they desire and believe should be done in their own creative and flexible ways. By this way, leaders can empower and strengthen others to do their best. Thirdly, personal accountability is a critical factor of collaboration. It seems to be a contradiction between cooperation and personal accountability as some peoples opinions. They argue that they will take less responsibility for their action while working collectively because others do their parts of work for them. Although they have a point in thinking that, their opinions are not true. This is because the team do not accept the slackers unless they increase their own responsibility. People are forced powerfully to do well by the expectations of the rest of their group. Therefore, by promoting collaboration, leaders simultaneously increase individual accountability. (Kouzes et al. 2007). Offer training support to develop competence Leithwood et al. (2003) indicate that when increasing the authority and influence a person has within the organization, it is critical for people to develop the needed skills and knowledge to perform effectively. It is foolish to ask people to begin making decisions or take actions that they have never been assigned before without preparing them to be successful. Through training, coaching, and mentoring staff, they will not only increase their abilities but also their interest and dedication to their work. (Jill Tomac) Valuing people means not only listening to what they have to say or contribute, but taking their input and using it to solve problems or make decisions. To value the contribution of other people, the leader supports the collaborative process by focusing on the interdependent nature of their work (Staler, 2005). However, as noted by Beatty (2000a), and the studies of Blase and Blase (2000), leaders may feel concerned about losing control while letting go of control. Therefore, they need to understand about shared responsibility. Advocacy for collaboration includes the promotion of beliefs, goals, and information about the value of collaboration. A principal advocates for collaboration by conveying the ongoing visible endorsement of, and participation, in collaborative activities (Leonard and Leonard 2001). As previously mentioned, when principals model collaboration they build credibility, because their actions are consistent with their words or they do what they say they will do. However, to set an example, principals need to be clear about their values and beliefs; they must know what they stand for. According to Kouzes and Posner (1999) thats the say part. Advocacy then might take the form of conveying information on the attributes and goals of collaboration or describing the decision making model for implementation. People say that the leaders advocacy for collaboration helps to support the process are in accordance with Gerbers view (1991: 48), that effective advocacy puts collaboration on the launching pad for take-off in the school. Goleman (1998) introduced the term emotional competency to describe learned, job-related capabilities or skills that individuals develop based upon their emotional intelligence. As Goleman (1995) identified, five domains of emotional intelligence are self-awareness, managing emotions, motivating oneself, empathy, and adeptness in relationships. People agreed that in collaboration, workplace skills related to emotional intelligence are required leadership competencies. Staler (2005) show that to understand others, leaders need to actively listen to their ideas and sympathise with their feelings, perspectives and concerns. In other word, the artful skill of understanding another persons perspective depends upon a communication skill such as emotional competencies. Emotional self-awareness that is also identified to relate to competencies is a crucial skills in collaboration. According to Goleman (1998), people who know their emotions engage in accurate self-assessment, and have a strong sense of their own self-worth. Having the courage to speak out is an emotional competency based on self-confidence. The development of self-awareness meant discovering their own voice and coming to their own sense of power. It also means that in a collaborative situation people need to recognise the strengths that they bring to the group (Slater, 2005). In addition, Options, latitude, and accountability fuel peoples sense of power and control over their lives. Yet as necessary as enhancing self-determination is, it is insufficient. Without the knowledge, skills, information, and resources to do a job expertly, without feeling competent to skillfully execute the choices that it requires, people feel overwhelmed and disable. (Kouzes et al. 2007). Without education, training and coaching to develop their skills, people may not know how to exercise their knowledge to operate their critical tasks because they are scared of making mistake. Therefore, leaders not only increase the latitude and discretion of their constituents but they also need to raise expenditures on training. This means that the group members need be understood and then to receive training in both basic and expert skills and problem-solving techniques. These investments will develop peoples competences and foster their confidence. They may be more qualified, more capable and more effective in taking their part of common work. Basing on understanding how the contextual factors of others jobs perform to designed their works to help them know what is expected of them is another important way that leaders can strengthen their constituents. Thus, leaders must to: provide sufficient training and technical support so that people can complete their assignments successfully. Enrich their responsibilities so that they experience variety in their task assignments and opportunities to make meaningful decisions about how their work gets accomplished. Create occasions for them to network with others in the organisation. Involve them in programmes, meetings, and decisions that have a direct impact on their job performance. (Kouzes et al. 2007, p. 264) Conduct coaching conversations to foster self-confidence As Kouzes et al. (2007) said, without adequate self-confident, people can not convince to take challenges. They will feel powerless to make choices and to face opposition because they do not believe in their skills as well as they are not sure to make decisions. The lack of self-confident also leads to the lack of self-determination. Therefore, fostering the confidence for people to accomplish their tasks is critical in the process of strengthening others. Similarly, Gold (1998) and Northouse (2010) point out that leaders must take a careful look at what people are doing and communicate to them that they can be successful if they persevere in their works. It is true that by helping people learn from their skills and experiences, leaders act as coaches. If coaching occurs regularly, people will become more capable because of being encouraged to broaden their skills and experiences. Jill Tomac indicates that to foster self-confidence, leaders create stars all around them. Rather than shine the spotlight on themselves, they sing the praises of others. Effective leaders need to find out what others doing well, then thank them for their contribution, and finally sharing it with others. CONCLUSION Evidences in this essay reveal the need for leaders to enlist and enable others to act in the process of collaboration. To this end, leaders need appropriate professional development of the fundamental abilities that are required in facilitating groups, reaching consensus as well as team building. In this way, leaders must develop new skills, behaviours, and essential knowledge. Firstly, to enlist others, leaders breathe life in to the shared vision that is meaningful to them. They make people feel proud to be a part of extraordinary common work. Secondly, to foster collaboration, leaders must create a climate of trust and facilitate effective relationship by getting people interacting. They must develop cooperative goals to make senses of collective purpose. Thirdly, to strengthen others, leaders have to extend power and responsibility to them. They develop others competence and confidence as well as enhance self- determination by offer training and coaching support. Accordingly, this essay has explored a crucial practice of leaders that is to enable others to act, in which collaboration is the central component. Understanding and managing the emotional aspects of the collaborative process is a challenge for leaders who wish to work in collaborative ways. The success of collaborative reform efforts and the improvement of organization performance rely on the leaders skilful implementation of the collaborative process. Consequently, further studies that examine the emotions of leadership would enhance our understanding of how leaders competencies in the affective domain can be used to build the capacity for leading in the modern time.

Sunday, October 13, 2019

Discrimination in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men Essay -- essays research

In the literary work Of Mice and Men, the reader is introduced to the ranch as a world of its own, within which prejudice plays a significant part. The characters in this novel act as a community in a world of their own, having no connections to any other type of society. A strong point, enforced through many examples in the book, is the constant ability of the stronger to overcome the weaker. The prejudices of the majority towards the minority, at the ranch are the white-males, who retain power over the lesser groups of people. This inequality, as well as the influence of the time period, causes discrimination against people of color, women, and those that are disabled, either mentally or physically. The crippled, African American stable hand, Crooks, is the victim of racial discrimination on the ranch. He is given his own room off the stables as if a privilege, but in truth the white-male majority of the ranch wants to have as small an amount of contact with Crooks as possible. Crooks understands this, as is shown when he explains it to Lennie in a simple statement, ?They play cards in there, but I can?t play because I?m black. They say I stink.? (p. 33) As a result of this separation, Crooks becomes incredibly bitter and lonely. Through his request of having a part in George and Lennie?s dream, it becomes obvious that he searches for a friend, struggling to be recognized as a human being. Curley?s wife is the typical example of discrimination based on misunderstanding. Because she is never given the chance to express her point of view, the men have a strong opinion on her based only on their interpretations of her actions. In the men?s opinion, she does not belong around the ranch, and should stay... ... to share a farm with George and be allowed to tend the rabbits, and he does not seem to understand why people stand against him. Lennie?s failure to recognize his own strength unfortunately leads him to harm many living things, eventually Curly?s wife, which leads to his death by the hand of George, who only did what he thought was best. The novel Of Mice and Men presents to us the unjust causes and painful results of discrimination. It clearly shows the loneliness of those that fall victim to the harsh judgement of others in the world of the ranch, as well as the way the strong overcome the weak. As in the world itself, the existance of the ranch hands is based on survival, and in this case, a dream had to be surrendered by George in order to survive. As Slim said in the end while comforting George, ?Never you mind. A guy got to sometimes.? (117)

Saturday, October 12, 2019

Memory, Imagination, and Consciousness in Funes the Memorious and Meurs

Memory, Imagination, and Consciousness in Funes the Memorious and Meursault  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Consciousness separates humans from sense perceiving â€Å"garbage heaps.† Jorge Luis Borges, in â€Å"Funes the Memorious,† and Albert Camus, in â€Å"The Stranger,† explore the causes of consciousness. They are philosophers who write fiction to answer the question, â€Å"What makes us aware?† An imperfect memory and imagination define our reality. Funes can be aware of other realities because has a perfect memory. Meursault reveals that the missing element for Funes to possess consciousness is imagination. I will define consciousness, assess memory and imagination as essential, discuss metaphor as a manifestation of consciousness, and isolate the affect of the awareness of other consciousness’. Without memory, we could not compare a past object or idea with a present one. Memory allows us to enhance past objective observations with present sensory perceptions. Because we have an imperfect memory, that is, we cannot remember every detail, we embellish. We give a past idea or object an identity independent from the external world because we perceive and imagine it differently than our initial sensory reaction. We change our original reaction with our imagination. Thus, creative people experience life more vividly. In the process of consciousness, we first remember something imperfectly, and then qualify it with other embellished thoughts. The act of thought, then, is not consciousness. Thought is the comparison of one object to another. We are not conscious because we notice a difference between two things. Once, we embellish the relationship however, we create an internal reality that is an imperfect copy of our true sensory reaction. We possess consciousness... .... Together, Camus and Borges show us that through our imperfect memories and our distorting, lying imaginations, we obtain an individual identity. Works Cited Borges, Jorge Luis. Labyrinths: â€Å"Funes the Memorious†. New York: New Directions Publishing Co., 1964. Camus, Albert. The Stranger. New York: Random House, 1988. Christ, Ronald. The Narrow Act: Borges’ Art of Fiction. New York: Lumen Books, 1995. Hart, Thomas R. Jr. â€Å"Borges’ Literary Criticism.† Modern Critical Views: Jorge Luis Borges. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 5-20. Jaynes, Julian. The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind. Boston: Houghton, 1976. Mà ¼ller, Max. The Science of Thought. London: Longmans Green, 1887. 78-9. Sarte, Jean-Paul. â€Å"An Explication of â€Å"The Stranger.† Camus. Ed. Germaine Brà ©e. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice, 1962.   

Friday, October 11, 2019

Welfare Reform Act Hcr 230

The Welfare Reform Act Today I will be discussing the Welfare Reform Act and if it has caused existing Medicaid beneficiaries to lose needed coverage and if the welfare act has kept eligible Medicaid candidates from enrolling. Also I will discuss whether or not the welfare reform act has been effective in reducing welfare fraud, increasing personal goals, and basically if it has been able to successfully meet its goals that it had been intended to meet. Welfare Reform Act was established in 1996 with the intentions of changing the social welfare policy of the country.The idea was to reduce the number of people or families that were dependent on government assistance while at the same time helping these people become more independent. They have the welfare to work program which required work in exchange for time limited financial assistance, which is part of the reform act. Also they Job Search which are classes that give people the basic skills that they never had before. For example the taught people how to dress for job interviews, fill out an application correctly, make a resume and how to speak when at a job interview. Teaching them what kinds of questions are asked and how to answer them.There debates about how well the welfare programs work but at least people have more education on the steps needed to get a job. However the initial welfare programs are out dated and needed to be reformed since no programs ever will seem to be able to meet every need of every low income or underprivileged individual or family, more reforms are needed even still. However, â€Å"within 3 years of the reforms enactment, millions of Americans had moved from being dependent on welfare to being self-sufficient. In addition, agencies reported a reduction in the number of social welfare cases. In 2004, the Welfare-to-Work program ended, but during the time this program was active millions of Americans lives were changed for the better (US Welfare System-Help for US Citizens, 201 2). The Welfare Act does affect individuals who receive Medicaid benefits because rules and guidelines can often be changed for participants who participate in this insurance plan. Individuals who gain insurance through Medicaid usually can get it through the TANF program and if there is not a TANF program in place then individuals will not be able to apply for Medicaid benefits.There are many questions that are unanswered such as, â€Å"Should the Medicaid program be considered a health financing program or a welfare program? Should states be given the same flexibility to design and redesign Medicaid programs as was being considered for cash welfare programs? † (Moore,. 1999) Medicaid participants sometimes remain un-enrolled even though they are needy as a result of the Welfare Reform Act, because each state can define their own criteria for eligibility and services and expand or deny services entirely to certain groups that the Department of Human Service staff would belie ve to be a good cause (Moore,. 999). HCFA (Health Care Financing Administration (now the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services), issued a regulation that extends the time allowed to process Medicaid eligibility redeterminations from up to 45 days to up to 120 days. This extension recognizes the extra work states will have to perform to process redeterminations of Medicaid eligibility for individuals who lose SSI as a result of welfare reform provisions and assures that Federal Medicaid matching funds will continue while the redeterminations are made.States generally are not permitted to terminate an individual's Medicaid benefits until it is determined that the individual does not qualify for Medicaid as part of any other eligibility group (Gundling, R. 1997). The Welfare Reform Act is effective in reducing welfare fraud to a certain degree. In other words they have not gotten rid of fraudulent acts but they have reduced them.Here in San Bernardino County they not only check yo ur state identification and your social security card making sure they match up correctly but also run both name and number to be sure there is not a case open anywhere else but they also have you bring in prove of residency and then take your picture and finger prints and run them the system. All of that has helped along with getting rid of paper food stamps and giving out like a debit card that both cash aid and food stamps are out onto once a month. Before people would trade their food stamps like money almost and now you can’t do that.They can only be used for what they were intended for and only at stores that accept EBT otherwise known as Electronic Benefits Transfer which is one’s food stamps and cash aid. So while they have reduced fraud at the same time they increased personal responsibility because since you cannot trade as before people are more likely to do the right thing with their EBT and that goes for stores to because with the EBT cards there is a bett er record of what is being paid for with the EBT so store owners cannot get away with selling items not allowed to be purchased with the food stamps portion on the EBT card.This holds them responsible for their part in committing a fraudulent act. I remember when it was the paper food stamps and in recent years had to receive the new EBT for a short time and was happy to learn about the changes. These rules protect more than just the government but the honest people as well. The Welfare Reform Act has been successful in meeting its intended goals such as placing families on job searches, or providing education needs and training. Also the Welfare Act had other goals such as having families not rely on government benefits and gain employment which has happened for the most part.References US Welfare System-Help for US Citizens. (2012). Welfare Reform-Social Welfare Change. Retrieved from http://www. welfareinfo. org/reform/ Valerius, J. (2008). Medical Insurance. An Integrated Claims Process Approach (3rd Ed. ). Moore, J. D. (1999). Welfare Reform and Its Impact on Medicaid. Retrieved from http://www. nhpf. org/library/issue-briefs/IB732_WelfRef;Mcaid_2-26-99. pdf Gundling, R. (1997). Welfare reform's effect on Medicaid eligibility. Hfm (Healthcare Financial Management), 51(5), 88.

Thursday, October 10, 2019

A Civilized Society

A Civilized Society What is the meaning of a society? A historian might say a society is a group of people living in an ordered community that has a hierarchy. An adult might say that a society is a community of people that have certain jobs and a community that has schools for their children to go to. A child might not even know what the meaning of society is. Their answers differ because there is not a book written in history that clearly defines what a society is. But when â€Å"society† is narrowed down into â€Å"civilized† society, it is here that agreements are distinguished.Most people agree that the time and place they live in at this present moment is civilized, even though spirits are still believed in. This also means that time periods that are not considered â€Å"civilized† in today’s terms, are considered civilized to the people living in that time period. In the book Beowulf, a book written in the seventh or eight century by an anonymous au thor, there are two societies, the Danes, who reside in Denmark, and the Geats, who reside in southern Sweden.This book is named after a person; not surprisingly, this person is named Beowulf, a Geat who later becomes the king of the Geats. The Anglo-Saxon society in the book Beowulf is civilized because they believe in monsters and their leaders and group members have clear expectations. One might be surprised that a civilized society believes in monsters, however, even societies today believe in monsters through television. Societies today create horror movies purely for entertainment; however, it is a known fact that the monsters in the horror movies are not real.On that note, the anonymous author of Beowulf may have written the book purely for the entertainment of his people, all the while knowing that monsters do not exist, after all, it is probably the closest thing his society has to watching a horror movie. Grendel, the first monster Beowulf fights, is â€Å"conceived by a pair of those monsters born of Cain (105-106). † This is physically impossible because Cain is a human and Grendel is an actual monster in the book.Another fact that Beowulf was written for entertainment purposes is the fact that the author uses suspension of disbelief, meaning that the readers believe things that are impossible in real for the sake of enjoying the book. For example, â€Å"[Beowulf] sank through the waves†¦(1495)† â€Å"for hours†¦(1495)† to fight Grendel’s mother, â€Å"the mighty water witch (1519). † This is an example of suspension of disbelief because it is physically impossible for a human to swim under water for hours without breathing.The Anglo-Saxon society is a civilized society because while today’s society creates horror movies for entertainment, the author creates the book, Beowulf, for the entertainment of his people. As stated above, a society is a community of people that have certain jobs they must perform. This definition of a society is a factor of what a civilized society is. In Anglo-Saxon culture, a leader and his comitatus have clear expectations. In today’s society, a leader leads the country and commands his people through the office of the prime minister.However, a leader in Anglo-Saxon culture does a little more than leading his country and commanding his people. In the book, Beowulf, there are two main leaders: Hrothgar (a Danish king) and Beowulf. These two leaders have the responsibility of bringing glory for their country. When Hrothgar took the throne after his father, he â€Å"led the Danes to such glory that comrades and kinsmen swore by his sword (65-66). † Beowulf brings glory to his country by killing Grendel, the beast that has been haunting Herot for a long time, and by killing Grendel’s mother, â€Å"the mighty water witch (1519). Then when Beowulf becomes the king of Geatland, he â€Å"†¦held it long and well (2208). †A s a leader has responsibilities, group members also have their responsibilities. In today’s society, they are responsible of helping each other, but sometimes they do not always carry out the task. However, a comitatus in Anglo-Saxon society have the responsibility of helping the leader when he needs help. There was only one comitatus in Beowulf and they are Beowulf’s men. Beowulf’s comitatus are by his side during his three battles. However, Beowulf’s comitatus was readily available to help him in one out of the three battles.During the battle with Grendel, â€Å"all of Beowulf’s/Band had jumped from their beds, ancestral/Swords raised and ready†¦(795-796). † This is only battle that Beowulf’s comitatus is readily available in to help. During Beowulf’s battle with Grendel’s mother, the Danes left the swamp thinking Beowulf had died, but â€Å"the Geats stayed, sat sadly, watching,/Imagining they saw their lord but not believing/ They would ever see him again(1602-1603). † It is here that we start to see that the role of the comitatus start to change because the comitatus are at shore while Beowulf was under water, so, if Beowulf eeded their help, they would not be able to help him. In Beowulf’s last battle, the battle against the dragon, â€Å"none of his comrades/ Came to him, helped him (2596-2597)† when Beowulf could not fight the dragon alone, they also ran away for their lives. At this point in the story, the role of a comitatus is no more. The Anglo-Saxon society is civilized only when the leaders and team members, the comitatus, carry out responsibilities. The Anglo-Saxon society is civilized because they believe in monsters through stories, and their leaders and comitatus have responsibilities, although sometimes the comitatus do not perform their responsibility.It is because they do not perform their duty in the battle with the dragon that the age of warriors end s. One can argue that the age of warriors is a civilized time period, however, when the comitatus ran away from the battle, it is there that signs of an uncivilized civilization is seen. Therefore, it can be said that â€Å"now the giving of swords, of golden/ Rings and rich estates, is over,/ Ended for you and everyone who shares/ Your blood: when the brave Geats hear/ How you bolted and ran none of your race/ Will have anything left but their lives(2884-2888). †